Protective Role of Methanol Stem Bark Extract of Myriantus arboreus P. Beauv in Anthracene-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Laboratory Rats
), Awodele O(2), Jegede FO(3), Ogunlusi CA(4), Olayemi SO(5),
(1) Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria.
(2) Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria.
(3) Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria.
(4) Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria.
(5) Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria.
Corresponding Author
Abstract
Background: Myriantus arboreus P. Beauv (Cecropiaceae) is used in traditional medicine for management of systemic pathologies.
Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the protective role of the methanol stem bark extract of M. arboreus (MEMA) in anthracene-induced nephrotoxicity in laboratory rats.
Materials and Methods: Forty rats were randomly divided into five groups of eight rats each comprising Group 1: 10 mL/kg of 5% Tween 20 as vehicle treated control; Group 2: 50 mg/kg anthracene (ANTH) as positive control; Group 3: 100 mg/kg; and Group 4: 200 mg/kg MEMA respectively. Groups 3 and 4 were administered the extract for 7 days followed by co-administration with 50 mg/kg ANTH p.o. for 21 days. Animals in Group 5 were administered only the extract at 200 mg/kg for 21 days p.o.
Results: Creatinine was significantly (p<0.01) increased on exposure to ANTH. However, creatinine was significantly (p<0.01) reduced in rats co-administered MEMA and ANTH. Renal tissues showed a significant (p<0.001) reduction in reduced glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in ANTH exposed rats compared to MEMA and ANTH exposed. Catalase (CAT) was significantly (p<0.05) increased in animals administered only MEMA compared to ANTH and vehicle treated control animals. Malondialdehyde (MDA) was significantly (p<0.01) increased on exposure to ANTH but was significantly reduced on treatment with 200 mg/kg MEMA. On histopathological assessment, ANTH exposed rats presented with section of the kidney showing massive renal necrosis. However, there was a remodeling of renal architecture observed as normal renal architecture with minimal renal damage on co-administration with MEMA.
Conclusion: The extract significantly reduced the anthracene-induced increase in creatinine level and also modulated the architectural damage of the kidney caused by anthracene. The improvements in the antioxidant indices are suggestive renoprotective mechanisms of the extract
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