Effect of Momordica charantia L. Leaf Extract on Liver Function, Lipid Profile and Oxidative Status of Mice

Abstract

Background: Momordica charantia L. (Curcubitaceae) is used traditionally to treat several diseases in Africa. The in vivo antimalarial effect has been demonstrated in mice.

Objective: As part of the assessment of its in vivo safety profile, this study evaluated the effects M charantia on biochemical parameters of mice.

Method: Methanol leaf extract of M charantia was administered to mice at 100and 200 mg/kg body weight for; 8 days. Liver function tests, serum lipid profile and oxidative stress parameters were assessed.

Results: Serum and liver alaninetransaminase (ALT)and aspartatetransaminase (AST) activities significantly(p <0.05) increased, while serum and liver proteins, as well as serum albumins and globulins concentrations were unchanged. Decreases were observed in serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, however, tissue SOD and serum and tissue catalase (CAT) activities increased in the treated groups. Serum and tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations increased (not significant) in the medicinal plant treated mice. Slight increases were observed in serum total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol concentrations while total triglycerides and HDL-cholesterol concentrations were unaltered by extract administration.

Conclusion: Administration of methanol leaf extract of M charantia to mice did not adversely affect liver function; however, its long term effect on the liver should be monitored. Also, extract produced an overall in vivo anti-oxidative effect and caused only a slight disruption in serum lipid profile ofmice