Activity of Plasma Nitric Oxide Synthase and Nitrosative Stress Status in Prostate Cancer and Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
), Samuel AT(2), Mashood B(3), Ghajiga P(4), Edokwe O(5), Magbagbeola OA(6), Akinloye O(7),
(1) Centre for Genomics of Non-communicable Diseases and Personalized Healthcare, Dr. D. K. Olukoya Central Research Laboratories, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria. Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria.
(2) Centre for Genomics of Non-communicable Diseases and Personalized Healthcare, Dr. D. K. Olukoya Central Research Laboratories, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria. Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria
(3) Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria
(4) Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria
(5) Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria.
(6) Centre for Genomics of Non-communicable Diseases and Personalized Healthcare, Dr. D. K. Olukoya Central Research Laboratories, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria. Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria
(7) Centre for Genomics of Non-communicable Diseases and Personalized Healthcare, Dr. D. K. Olukoya Central Research Laboratories, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria. Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria
Corresponding Author
Abstract
Background: The imbalance between oxidative and nitrosative stress with the associated antioxidants mechanisms creates an originating point for the etiopathogenesis of several diseases including cancer.
Objective: This study aimed to compare the oxidative stress markers, nitric oxide and activity of nitric oxide synthase in patients who were diagnosed with prostate cancer (PCa), Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and seemingly healthy individuals as controls.
Methods: The study population includes 130 patients (cases) and 65 apparently healthy aged matched individuals as controls. The cases were divided into 2 study groups; Group 1: PCa (n=65), Group 2: BPH (n=65). The measured parameters include, malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2 ), nitric oxide (NO), total antioxidant status (TAS) levels, Catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activities were all evaluated using spectrophotometric method.
Results: We found a statistically significant difference in the mean levels of nitric oxide in PCa and BPH group compared to controls. The mean value of MDA and H2O2 in PCa and BPH was significantly higher than controls (p<0.05). The activity of SOD, NOS and levels of TAS were significantly reduced in PCa and BPH subject versus controls (p<0.05). There was an increased catalase activity in the PCa and BPH group while GPx was significantly increased only in BPH (p<0.05). There was a strong positive relationship between NO vs. H2O2 , CAT vs. H2O2, TAS vs. H2O2 , SOD vs. MDA (r=0.405, 0.577, 0.417, 0.334 respectively; p<0.05) in prostate cancer group. In the BPH group, we observed a positive association between TAS vs. H2O2, and between SOD vs. NO (r=0.356 and 0.530 respectively; p<0.05).
Conclusion: These data suggest that reduced activity of nitric oxide synthase and its Nitric oxide product may play a critical role in the induction and exacerbation of prostate cancer due to the critical role of NO in apoptosis. This data provides a basis for investigating the potential therapeutic and chemo preventive potentials of NO oxide pathway in prostate cancer.
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